Reaction Skeptical As U.S. Army Corps Releases Supplemental EIS For Donlin Gold Mine (Updating)

Court-Ordered Study for the Donlin Gold Mine in Alaska Shows Devastation from a Tailings Spill but Agencies Have More to Do

Federal agencies analyzed a spill of 27% of the tailings dam capacity, but more analysis is needed to understand the mine’s risks and how to minimize them  

ANCHORAGE, AK — The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers today released a draft supplemental environmental impact statement (SEIS) for the Donlin Gold Mine. The court-ordered study, while confirming that a spill of even a quarter or less of the mine’s tailings would be devastating to the Kuskokwim region, falls short of analyzing the true scope of the mine’s risks or how to minimize them. Tribal plaintiffs have long fought for a more thorough analysis of the mine’s impacts in court and in their advocacy to federal agencies.

In the order that required the supplemental analysis that the Corps released in draft form today, the Court required the Corps and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to study a tailings spill larger than the 0.5% spill analyzed in the original study. The court found that a larger spill from the mine was reasonably foreseeable and therefore should have been included in the original study.

The analysis of a 27% spill, released today, confirms that even this relatively moderate spill would have catastrophic consequences. The agencies acknowledge that such a spill could lead to deaths near the mine and in the village of Crooked Creek, which would be buried by tailings and likely rendered uninhabitable. A 27% spill could also result in downstream metal contamination lasting “over a century,” cause “generationally lower abundance” of fish in the Kuskokwim, and harm onshore resources such as “subsistence plants, including blueberries, low-bush cranberries, and other edible species.”

Considering the disastrous impacts of a 27% spill, it is even more concerning that tailings dams that have failed around the world have at times spilled up to 100% of their contents. To understand the full scope of risks from Donlin, the agencies should study a 100% spill in addition to the 27% that they released today. They also must consider how to minimize the risks of a spill and its adverse impacts.

Any major toxic waste spill at the mine could devastate communities, forever changing the Yukon-Kuskokwim region. Communities must be informed of the full range of spill impact scenarios so they can make informed decisions about the mine and plan for community safety.

It is particularly important to understand how large spills will impact the region, as Donlin’s proponents have indicated that they plan to expand the mine to be significantly larger than the version being studied. Now that the draft SEIS is released, the public will have just 30 days to comment on the draft. Public hearings are scheduled between October 14-19 in Bethel, Crooked Creek, Aniak, and virtually. After public comments are reviewed, the agencies must then issue a final SEIS and reaffirm, rescind or modify the federal authorizations for the mine.

Following are statements from some of the Tribes participating in the lawsuit and from Earthjustice:

“Our primary concern all along has been the Kuskokwim River, which has sustained our customary and traditional practices for generations,” said Organized Village of Kwethluk President Mary Nicolai. “The Court recognized the importance of this sustainable resource we have always relied on and that must be protected by law, but unfortunately the study the federal agencies prepared still falls very short of doing what it needs to do.”

“This mine poses a threat to our traditional subsistence ways of life, and to the environment and fisheries of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta,” said Native Village of Eek Vice President George Alexie. “A disaster upriver will impact the whole region. Despite promises of safe protocols and procedures from Donlin, a tailings dam failure remains a significant risk to our entire region. We must protect salmon and other natural resources we depend on for our existence.”

“Today’s analysis is an alarm bell for the Yukon-Kuskokwim region,” said Hannah Foster, Earthjustice Attorney. “The agencies have revealed that even a spill of a quarter of the mine’s contents would be disastrous. We call on the agencies to do the analysis to show how much worse a full spill would be, and to do everything in their power to reduce the mine’s risks if they do authorize Donlin to go forward. Providing only 30 days for Tribes and the public to comment on this analysis is also an egregious misstep by the agencies and will undermine peoples’ ability to be heard on this vital issue.”

Background

Donlin Gold LLC is owned by NovaGold Corporation, which is owned by NovaGold and Paulson Advisors. The project as currently proposed is expected to extract approximately 556 million tons of ore to produce at least 30 million ounces of gold over the 27-year life of the mine – and would generate at least 2.5 billion tons of waste rock, some of which would generate acid drainage. Mine investors are now saying the project may be even larger, and are undertaking a mine feasibility study, which is expected to complete in 2027.

Tribal plaintiffs asked the agencies to pause on the court-ordered analysis that was released today until that feasibility study is complete, but that request was ignored by the agencies.

The mine project comprises three main parts – a 316-mile-long buried gas pipeline from Cook Inlet in Southcentral Alaska to the mine site; transportation infrastructure that includes a new port, a port expansion, and a tripling of barge traffic on the Kuskokwim River; and the 14-square-mile mine site itself. The mine site includes an open pit more than two miles long, a mile wide and 1,800 feet deep, plus a processing plant, waste rock and tailings storage facilities, water treatment and power plants, dams and reservoirs, airstrips, and access roads. In all, the mine project would cover 25 square miles.

After the mine ceases operating, a 471-foot tailings dam containing more than 550 million tons of toxic mine waste and a waste rock mountain reaching 1,115 feet tall and spanning 2,500 acres would remain and need to be maintained forever. The open pit would be filled with contaminated water, forming a permanent lake that would never meet water quality standards and would require water treatment in perpetuity. A failure of the tailings dam would cause catastrophic damage to the region.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

• Related case documents & news

UPDATE: Here’s more reaction, courtesy of Mother Kuskokwim:

US Army Corps‘ Donlin Review: 

Dam Failure Could Cost Lives, Destroy Villages, and Decimate Salmon

BETHEL, AK — The Mother Kuskokwim Tribal Coalition today issued an urgent warning to all Yukon-Kuskokwim communities following the release of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ court-ordered Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (DSEIS) for the proposed Donlin Gold Mine. Forced by a federal court order to evaluate a larger, catastrophic tailings dam failure, the federal government only looked at an up to 27% spill scenario (not a full release scenario). Even so, the Draft SEIS validates a terrifying reality of what our Tribes have warned about for years: even a partial failure at the 471-foot-high mine waste dam could permanently poison our rivers, wipe communities off the map, and render the Village of Crooked Creek “uninhabitable.”

The federal government’s own scientific modeling paints an apocalyptic picture for the Kuskokwim River watershed. If the tailings storage facility (TSF) fails, a toxic wave of mining sludge would strike the Village of Crooked Creek in just 90 minutes, leaving little time for emergency evacuation.

“The findings in this document are a validation of our deepest fears and a clear signal that this project is far too dangerous for western Alaska. While we implored the federal government to consider a total failure scenario, which they did not do, they are confirming that a dam failure of just 27%  could kill people, poison our drinking water for decades, and wipe out salmon for generations. We cannot, and will not, trade the safety of our children and our rivers for a gold mine that will last only 27 years,”  says Ashlynn Simeon, Deputy Director of Mother Kuskokwim Tribal Coalition. 

“A tailings dam failure is a low-probability, but high-consequence event, and a threat which exists at every mine with a mine waste facility. Even though a dam failure is a low-probability event, the potential consequences must be disclosed in order to protect public safety and the environment as much as is reasonably possible.  Public safety is the main consideration. Schools, hospitals, rest homes, police and fire facilities should not be built in areas that could be flooded. Areas safe for public evacuation need to be identified. If you don’t know how deep the flood might be, and how fast it will arrive, you cannot be prepared to save people’s lives,” says Dr. David Chambers with the Center for Science and Public Participation.

The Mother Kuskokwim Tribal Coalition highlights the following catastrophic conclusions from the newly released Draft SEIS:

A Catastrophe for Salmon and Fisheries

• Generational Collapse of Fish Populations: The report admits that fish habitat, stream connectivity, and spawning areas would be severely affected. Under the worst-case 27 percent release scenario, the damage would cause permanent, “generational effects” on fish populations in Crooked Creek. (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Page vii)
• Decades of Continuous Toxic Poisoning: The immediate spill would cause acute, lethal spikes in dissolved metals. Once settled, the heavy mining waste is projected to continue leaching contaminants into our waters for “years to decades.” (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Page vii)
• Suffocation of River Ecosystems: Millions of tons of fine sediment would instantly choke local waterways, with 66% to 93% of the total solids depositing directly into Crooked Creek. The federal government explicitly admits this heavy sediment load will “clog fish gills, bury spawning habitats, and disrupt benthic ecosystems.” (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Table ES-4, Page vi; Chapter 2, Section 2.2.1, Page 2-7)

An Immediate Threat to Human Life and Tribal Survival

• Village Rendered “Uninhabitable”: For the first time, federal regulators admit the sheer scale of physical and chemical destruction. The report explicitly concludes that the 27% scenario failure “could render parts of the Village of Crooked Creek uninhabitable.” (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Page viii)
• Potential Loss of Human Life: The document strips away any corporate public-relations framing, explicitly listing “potential loss of life in heavily affected areas” as a direct public safety consequence of a large-scale breach. (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Page viii)
• Poisoned Tribal Drinking Water: The massive wave of toxic mining slurry would seep deeply into local water tables. The SEIS notes that floodwaters and toxic tailings would “infiltrate shallow aquifers” and create groundwater mounding, leaving the Crooked Creek drinking water source protection area severely compromised. (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Page vii)
• Evacuation Networks Cut Off: If a failure occurs, communities will be entirely trapped. The toxic wave would instantly bury local roads, bridges, and river routes. Crucially, at Crooked Creek, the airport itself would be completely inundated under the 27 percent scenario, making aerial rescue or incoming emergency aid impossible. (Draft SEIS Executive Summary, Page viii)

The Mother Kuskokwim Tribal Coalition calls on all tribal citizens, regional residents, and allies to stand together during the upcoming public comment period to demand that federal and state agencies reject these catastrophic risks to our homeland.